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News

Tractor Talk from Farm Show

By Karri Sandino and Karen Keb Acevedo

Farm Machinery Show - Montana Tractors display

The 2008 National Farm Machinery Show held in Louisville, Ky., February 13-16, was as big as ever with numerous tractor manufacturers among the more than 800 vendors present–and some of the most impressive farm tractors and machinery you will ever see.

Hobby Farms editors talked with representatives from some of the most well-known tractor brands to see what topics were hot on their minds.

Priority: Customer-Dealer Relationships
If it’s your first time buying a tractor, your dealer wants to help you make the right decision–in the store and after the tractor is delivered to your farm.

The reps we spoke with described various methods—from customer clinics to step-by-step literature (including basic tractor terminology)—by which they support continuing education for customers.

A big factor in customer education is developing—and improving–the relationship between dealers and customers.

Today’s hobby farmers expect a high level of customer service and tractor companies are responding by educating their dealers, refurbishing dealerships and offering high-tech tools to make the buying process more pleasant.

Barry Nelson of John Deere talks with Karri Sandino

Barry Nelson (right), Public Relations – Agricultural Equipment Manager with John Deere, talks with Karri Sandino, associate web editor with Hobby Farms, about John Deere’s efforts to reach out to hobby farmers.

Bryan Zent is Segmentation Application Marketing Manager for Bobcat, which is celebrating its 50th anniversary this year. “We understand that small-farm owners need education about their tractors.”

Ongoing dealer training programs, as well as plentiful online training for customers are available.

“We’re also working toward a retail atmosphere at our dealerships,” says Zent, which includes expanded store hours, making it easier for hobby farmers to stop by after work or on the weekends.

Ron Parrish, Market Development Manager at Kioti, a company which has specialized in compact farm tractors since 1986, says, “Dealer education extends to tractor safety and care. We train our dealers to teach buyers how to safely operate, repair and maintain an efficient tractor from the time they buy throughout their ownership of the tractor.”

Tom Patterson, Vice President of Marketing and Sales, with Montana, which also specializes in compact tractors, says, “Our whole line is adapted for the hobby farmer. We understand their needs and wants. And we understand that people still buy from people. Our dealers are trained to help our tractor owners with any problems; we want to help them feel ease with their tractors.”

Online Tools Guide Your Decision
Many tractor manufacturers’ websites offer fun tools that can quickly determine what type of tractor you need–or offer a way to “build” your tractor from the ground up.

Farm Machinery Show -  Kubota Tractor display

 

Kubota’s Susan Holmes, Marketing Support Manager, says, “We have tractors that can do all of your jobs and can be set up with the implements you need, too. In fact, our website has a tractor configuration tool that can help you select what other parts or implements can be added to that tractor.”

Over at New Holland, which has been in the tractor business since 1895, Scott Myrick, sales manager, says, “Today’s customer wants to know more about what they are going to buy, so our website offers videos about the different features of our tractors and an interactive tractor configuration tool.”

A New In-store Shopping Experience
Tractor dealerships have historically been devoid of bells and whistles, but not so for the future. Many manufacturers will be moving toward a more retail-oriented shopping experience in an effort to make today’s tractor buyer more comfortable.

Steve Gorsuch, Massey Ferguson’s Director of Rural Lifestyle Marketing, says, “We’re all about helping customers make the right choices–plus, we want to help the hobby farmer live their dream; we understand their passion. We help our dealerships understand that it’s not just about the sale,” but about what happens after the sale related to service and maintenance.”

John Deere also has a customer-focused approach. “Our dealers are holding open houses to introduce our tractors in a welcoming setting,” says John Deere’s Barry Nelson, Public Relations – Agricultural Equipment Manager. “We also offer mowing clinics for women to give them hands-on experience with the tractors.”

Tractors Designed for Comfort
We’re used to creature comforts in our cars, homes and offices, so when you’re working the land with a tractor in rough weather or on rough terrain, who wouldn’t mind a little comfort?

Tractor manufacturers have designed their products with as much (or more) ergonomic detail as a Herman Miller office chair.

Tipping steering wheels, adjustable seats with shock absorbers, and levers and handles have been designed to be accessible to drivers of all sizes, particularly women who often have smaller hands.

Consoles have also been designed to more closely resemble an automobile’s dashboard, making it more user friendly and recognizable to the lay user.

During a chat with Branson sales manager Scott Baughtman, he says, “We’ve redesigned the operator station to be more convenient, with an emphasis on comfort and on making the transition from car to tractor easier.” He says Branson is continually improving its dealer education activities and online educational tools for customers.

Energy independence is another hot topic in tractor manufacturing today.

Most manufacturer’s tractor engines are now approved for biodiesel; others are headed in that direction soon. Overall, modern tractor engines comply with the highest levels of engine efficiency.

Bottom line: Expect a positive experience when buying from the guys or gals at your chosen dealership.

Categories
Animals

How to Adopt a Rescue Dog

Jack is one lucky Aussie. Turned over to an Oregon shelter as a 2-year-old because his owners couldn’t afford to keep him, the future farm dog escaped the tragic fate of so many shelter dogs: euthanasia.

Instead, the staff contacted a volunteer with The Aussie Rescue and Placement Helpline (ARPH), who whisked the beautiful Australian Shepherd into foster care to await adoption as a rescue dog.

Find your perfect farm companion at your local shelter
Finding a Rescue
“Laurie Trenholm, of Puppy Hill Farm Animal Rescue, urges adopters to look for a rescue that has operated for awhile and has a good reputation, perhaps one approved by your local PetSmart, and to be cautious of long-distance adoptions.

“Most rescues will take their animals back if there’s a problem, but this gets more complicated with long-distance adoptions,” she says.

To find rescue organizations and adoptable dogs, check out www.petfinder.com, where you can peruse adorable pictures and histories of individual pets, or surf over to the American Kennel Club website at www.akc.org to find a purebred rescue group (click “Clubs,” then “Breed Rescue Groups”). More information on the rescue organizations mentioned in this article:

Aussie Rescue and Placement Helpline, Inc.

The Furrytale Farm

Puppy Hill Farm Animal Rescue

Puyallup Animal Rescue

Sweet Border Collie Rescue

For Other Animals …
From dogs to donkeys, visit our rescue groups.

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“Within a week I knew I wouldn’t be able to watch him jump into someone else’s car and drive off,” says Hilary Hines, the woman who fostered Jack.

The longtime volunteer with ARPH who tends a 12-acre hobby farm in The Dalles, Ore., adds, “Not that he wouldn’t have hesitated to do so! He’s such a friendly, happy-go-lucky guy.”

Hines swiftly signed the adoption paperwork and welcomed her new rescue dog permanently to the farm.

Now, three years later, an ever-cheerful Jack brings smiles to hospital patients and tired nurses as a therapy dog at a local hospital.

This versatile Aussie competes in agility (he’s earned several titles), trains in obedience competition and delights in helping Hines with her daily farm chores.

“The sheep have a lot of respect for Jack,” she says. “He just has this presence about him and he comes in very handy at feeding time when the sheep want to crowd around me.”

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(Too) Many Rescue Dogs Available
According to an estimate by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), roughly 8 to 12 million dogs and cats enter our shelters each year; a shocking 5 to 9 million of these are euthanized for lack of space and resources to care for them.

At the same time, an undetermined number of luckier pets, like farm dog Jack, find new homes through no-kill rescue organizations often staffed by volunteers. These rescue animals, usually kept in a network of volunteer foster homes, will live in their temporary abodes as long as it takes to be adopted, but that doesn’t mean they don’t need permanent homes.

“People often say, ‘Oh, you’re a no-kill shelter—that’s great!,’” says Laurie Trenholm, a university professor who started Puppy Hill Farm Animal Rescue in Melrose, Fla., with her husband in 1999.

“But the majority of our animals come from the shelter. If we can’t move our animals out, we can’t take animals in.”

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Start Looking for Your Rescue Dog

If you’re looking for a tail-wagging addition to your farm family, this article will offer you some persuasive reasons to come to the rescue of a dog in need.

But first, please take some time to consider what you’re doing. Are you willing and able to care for a dog, make this sensitive and social animal a treasured part of your family, and commit to giving it a lifelong home through thick and thin? 

Introductions between animals and your new dog should be coordinatedGoing Home, Sweet Home
Congratulations, you’ve adopted a rescue dog into your farm family, an animal capable of amazing devotion, forgiveness and resilience.

As you bundle your new pet into the car and drive to your farm, remember that your dog may—or may not—pull a Dr. Jekyll/Mr. Hyde act when you first arrive home.

Don’t just toss him out with your other animals and expect everybody to live together in perfect harmony from the start.

Introductions to other pets and livestock should be accomplished gradually and safely, keeping them separated in the beginning and then supervising interactions closely.

“People come here and they see a very balanced, good-natured dog because it’s been living here at the rescue,” explains Lillie Goodrich, founder of Sweet Border Collie Rescue.
 
“But when the dog goes to a different home, it will have a meltdown—it might have diarrhea or hide somewhere.

“So keep your rescue dog’s life simple for the first few weeks and let it get used to your family and your home. It takes about three months for a rescue dog to really relax and understand it’s not leaving.”

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“We’re already dealing with the abused and abandoned; the last thing we want to do is put them in a similar situation,” stresses Suzannah Sloan, founder of The Furrytale Farm, a pet and farm-animal rescue on Bainbridge Island, Wash.  “We want this home to be their final home.”

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Rescue Dog Pros
Thanks to the serious problem of pet overpopulation caused by indiscriminate breeding, acquiring a dog has never been easier.

Turn to the classified ads of any major newspaper and you’ll see canines galore of every breed, breed composition and price.

“Free Dog to Good Home” flyers plaster bulletin boards at the post office, the veterinary hospital and the feed store. Your neighbor thinks, “Having one litter of pups would be such a cool experience for the kids!” or “My Labrador Retriever is so awesome; let’s breed her!” and up pops another “Puppies for Sale” sign.

While it’s true that good, reputable dog breeders—the kind who screen buyers, test for health problems and will take a dog back if needed—exist, there are all too many inexperienced people breeding dogs just to make a buck, says Trenholm.

Even if adoption isn't an option, there are still ways to to help

Six Other Ways to Help
Even if you’re not currently looking to add a new pet to your farm family, you can still assist your local rescue organization or shelter in helping animals.

Viki Pearson, founder of Puyallup Animal Rescue in Puyallup, Wash., suggests the following:

  1. Donate money, food, litter, blankets, toys and other needed pet supplies.
  2. Volunteer to help on adoption days, raise funds, etc.
  3. Offer to foster a dog or cat in your home until it’s adopted.
  4. Volunteer to train/exercise a dog or socialize puppies and kittens.
  5. Outfit your own pet with a collar, ID tag and microchip.
  6. Spay or neuter your pets! 

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She explains that in the Gainesville area, for example, a lot of Pit Bull breeding goes on, flooding the rescue with Pit-mix puppies that can be difficult to place in the right home.   

Buying a dog from a backyard breeder or taking a free dog off someone’s hands does nothing to help solve the pet overpopulation crisis and often encourages even more indiscriminate breeding.

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The Benefits of Rescue Organizations

Rescue organizations, on the other hand, tackle the problem head-on by devoting much of their resources to spaying and neutering animals accepted into the program before they’re adopted out again.

The adoption route also carries some clear benefits over buying a backyard-bred canine or snatching a free, too-cute-to-pass-up pup outside the supermarket. The biggest perk? It feels good to rescue a dog that needs a home, to give it another chance at happily-ever-after, to save a life. Really, really good.

“The thing people tell me all the time is that they feel they’ve done the right thing by rescuing a dog,” says Lillie Goodrich, who has re-homed over 900 Border Collies through her Sweet Border Collie Rescue in Morris, N.Y.

She strongly believes that rescue will always be important for this intelligent, flashy and high-energy breed (which was unfortunate enough to have been prominently featured in a popular movie, “Babe,” to boot).

“The problem is that the breed isn’t meant to live on quarter-acre lots in suburbia, but the desire to have them because they’re pretty and smart is high. Often these dogs have just landed in the wrong home: The emotional benefit [of rescuing a Border Collie] is knowing you have the ability to respond to the needs of this breed.”

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The Fee is Worth It!
Rescuing a dog has practical benefits, too. For one, adoption fees for purebreds and those wonderful, often genetically healthier mutts are much less than the price of a purebred dog from a breeder, notes Sloan.

Although she hastens to add that if someone seems overly concerned about the adoption fee, she’ll advise the person to look elsewhere.

“Caring for an animal costs a lot of money,” she says. “My philosophy is, ‘What you get for nothing, you treat like nothing.’ We put adoption fees on our animals because we want them going to people who will value them.”

If you do the math, the pet adoption fees—essentially donations—that enable rescue groups to continue their important and expensive work, are a bargain, even compared to a freebie dog.

A puppy coming into Trenholm’s rescue, for instance, will at minimum be spayed or neutered, vet checked, dewormed, treated for fleas and vaccinated. “If folks take a free puppy out of the paper, it would cost $250 to $300 from a veterinarian in our area to have that done—and our adoption fee is only $100,” she explains.

A good rescue will evaluate the temperaments of dogs they take in, and can offer you training and behavioral assistance and referrals after adoption.

Furthermore, most rescues have you sign a contract that states if a problem occurs or an issue arises that prevents you from keeping your pet—say, your child develops an allergy—you’ll return the animal to them to re-home. You would be hard-pressed to find a backyard breeder or an owner, desperate to unload a dog, willing to do the same.

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Adoption Considerations
Just because a dog has found its way into rescue doesn’t mean it automatically has behavioral issues.

Good dogs come into rescue for many different reasons. The owners may have:

  • Passed away
  • Discarded their pet before moving
  • Or may lack the time to exercise an energetic breed

Still, unlike the frolicking young pup purchased from a reputable breeder and raised in your own home, a rescue dog’s background is often shrouded in mystery. Did the dog receive proper socialization as a puppy to people and to other well-behaved canines? Did it suffer abuse or neglect? 

“People have to be prepared to help a rescue dog adjust emotionally,” says Goodrich. “The downside [of rescue] is you have a dog that needs longer to adjust, requires more patience and might not be able to handle everything you expect it to handle because in its history something has gone wrong.

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Choosing a Rescue Dog

Before you even contact a rescue organization or visit a shelter, you and your family should first talk about what kind of dog you’re looking for in terms of size, energy level, personality and other factors.

Do you want a couch-potato canine who doesn’t demand a ton of exercise or an athletic dynamo of a dog to herd your flock of sheep?

Do you desire a social butterfly who dotes on everyone or a more aloof dog that will bark at strangers?

Thoroughly research the breeds that interest you and learn about their characteristics, health issues, grooming demands and exercise needs.

Be honest with yourself when evaluating your lifestyle and what dog would be compatible with it. Realize that some traits are hallmarks of the breed and no amount of training or wishful thinking will change them, such as a Border Collie’s instinct to herd or a Beagle’s urge to follow his nose.

You’ll find valuable breed information in Dog Fancy magazine, in books like Paws to Consider: Choosing the Right Dog For You and Your Family, by Brian Kilcommons and Sarah Wilson (Grand Central Publishing, 1999), and on the Internet. 

Once you’ve done your homework, you can take the next step of visiting the shelter, attending a pet rescue “Adoption Day” or contacting a rescue to see what dogs they have available, fill out an adoption application, and schedule a visit.

Be prepared to answer a lot of questions that will not only help the rescue volunteers match you with the right dog, but also determine if you can meet this animal’s needs.

“Basically, adopters need to demonstrate that they’ll be good, committed pet owners,” says Trenholm.

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Rescue Requirements
Rescues vary as to their adoption requirements. Many require a home visit and references, including a veterinarian’s, and most insist that you have secure fencing to confine the dog when it goes outside.

Sloan’s rescue, for example, won’t place dogs in a family where both owners work full time and the dog will be left home alone all day, or where it has to live outdoors 24/7, an outcast from the human “pack.”

Keep in mind that choosing a rescue dog should be a family affair. Goodrich insists that the entire family come to look at an adoption prospect—and that means any other dogs as well—to see if everybody gets along.

“You can’t just have Mom go pick out the dog,” she stresses. “How do you know if the dog is shy of men or way too much for the kids? It’s not that she can’t choose one, but if you look at it from the dog’s point of view, he needs to meet everybody.” 

When you finally have the opportunity to meet a rescue animal nose-to-nose, Trenholm advises focusing on the inner dog and compatibility issues rather than let its outward appearance dazzle you.

“Sometimes I have people get enamored with the look of the dog, but it’s kind of like picking somebody to go steady with—you’ve got to get to know the animal,” says Trenholm. “Find out as much as you can from the rescue people about the dog’s personality, its energy level, its likes and dislikes. Is this dog aggressive with other animals? They’ll tell you what they know—listen to them!”

And if the rescuer says the pooch you want won’t work in your situation (as in, “Yes, Brutus here will eat your chickens”), remember that the individual has undertaken this volunteer work out of a love for dogs and probably has enough experience with the breed or dog in question to know what they’re talking about.

“The biggest beef I have as a rescue person is that people think I’m trying to deny them a dog,” says Goodrich. “But I’m actually trying to match a dog to their needs.”

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Did You Pick the Right Rescue Dog?
But how in the world do you really know whether you’ve found the right dog or not?

No one can definitively answer that question for you, but Goodrich suggests picturing the following scenario to figure this out for yourself: You’re in the car and driving away from the rescue. You look over your shoulder and the dog you met isn’t sitting there in the back seat. How would you feel? Like you’d left your heart behind? Relieved?

“I always tell people, your heart has to be pulled,” she says. “If you don’t feel drawn to this dog, then it’s probably not your dog.”

Hilary Hines, of course, understands what its like to feel a rescue dog’s tug on your heartstrings and know he has to be yours—forever. “Jack,” she says, “is my heart and soul.”

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About the Author: Cherie Langlois is a lifelong dog owner and freelance writer in Washington who writes regularly for Hobby Farms, Hobby Farm Home and Dog Fancy. In her spare time, she volunteers with Puyallup Animal Rescue.

Categories
Recipes

Holiday Cookie Favorites

Lime Butter Cookies from Hobby Farms
Lime Butter Cookies
An original from Hobby Farms

Cookies! Who can get enough at the holidays? Try these two favorites from the Hobby Farms editorial team: Hard Molasses Cookies (for you and your four-legged friends) and White Sugar Cookies (perfect for decorating!)

Hard Molasses Cookies
This is one of my favorite Christmas cookies mainly because the horses love them as well. I usually bake a batch for myself and some for my two- and four-legged friends for the holidays.
~ Sarah Coleman

Ingredients

  • 3/4 cup shortening
  • 1 cup sugar
  • 1/4 cup molasses
  • 1 egg
  • 2 tsp. baking soda
  • 2 cups flour
  • 1/2 tsp. cloves
  • 1/2 tsp. ginger
  • 1 tsp. cinnamon
  • 1/2 tsp. salt

Preparation
Melt shortening and let cool. Add sugar, molasses and egg. Beat. Add dry ingredients and mix well. Chill. Form into 2-inch balls and roll in granulated sugar. Bake in 375-degree F oven for 8 to 10 minutes.

Aunt Laurie’s White Sugar Cookies
No Christmas was complete without my sisters and me spending one afternoon messing up the kitchen with our form cookie baking and decorating extravaganza. From bells to gingerbread man shapes, we probably had more fun decorating them than eating them!
~ Karri Sandino

Ingredients

  • 1 cup sugar
  • 2 T. milk
  • 2 eggs, beaten
  • 2 tsp. vanilla
  • 4 cups flour
  • 1 scant tsp. salt
  • 1 tsp. baking soda
  • 1 cup shortening (butter makes them great!)
  • 2 tsp. baking powder

Preparation
Mix together sugar, milk, eggs and vanilla. Fold in flour, salt, baking soda, shortening or butter and baking powder. “Cut in” all the ingredients until mixed – like pie crust.  Cool the mixture for a short time. Take a “workable amount” and roll it out on a floured surface till about 1/4-inch thick. Cut out shapes.  Place on ungreased cookie sheet and bake in preheated oven to 350 degrees, about 7 to 8 minutes. Cookies should just begin to turn a golden color.
When cool, frost and decorate with your favorite dragees, sprinkles and a cinnamon dot or two!

Categories
Recipes

Oven-baked Cranberry & Raspberry Sauce

recipes, dessertsOven-baked Cranberry & Raspberry SauceWith tangy cranberries and raspberries, this oven-baked sauce will be a favorite on your farm menu.Food & KitchenOven-baked Cranberry Raspberry SauceThere’s nothing saying you can’t improve a little on a classic, and if the variation is fast and easy, so much the better!

For this recipe, If desired, substitute freshly squeezed orange juice for the orange liqueur.

Ingredients

  • 2 12-ounce bags fresh or frozen whole cranberries
  • 1 cup sugar
  • 6 ounces frozen whole raspberries, thawed
  • ½ cup sugar
  • 2 T. orange-flavored liqueur (such as Grand Marnier)

Preparation
Preheat oven to 350 degrees F. Spread cranberries in 9- by 13-inch glass baking dish. Sprinkle with sugar and toss to coat. Stirring twice, bake until mixture is hot and bubbly, and sugar has dissolved, about 40 minutes. Gently stir in raspberries, liqueur and sugar. Cover and refrigerate until mixture is chilled and set. Serves 10 to 12.

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Categories
Recipes

Pumpkin Ginger Parfaits

Pumpkin Ginger ParfaitsUse your prettiest 8-ounce glasses to serve these parfaits for dessert or prepare them in clear, disposable plastic cups to set out on a holiday buffet.

Ingredients
1 15-ounce can pumpkin
1 7-ounce jar marshmallow crème
½ tsp. pumpkin pie spice
1 8-ounce container frozen whipped topping, thawed
¼ cup crystallized ginger, finely chopped
40 ginger snap cookies

Preparation
Working in batches, crush ginger snaps in food processor until they form fine crumbs.

Using an electric mixer, beat pumpkin, marshmallow crème and pumpkin pie spice until smooth. Fold in 2 cups of the whipped topping and crystallized ginger.

Place 2 Tablespoons crumbs in bottom of each glass. Top with a generous ¼ cup of pumpkin mixture, using a spoon to press out air bubbles and smooth the top. Repeat layers in each glass. Refrigerate until firm, at least two hours. Garnish with remaining whipped topping. Serves 6

Categories
Crops & Gardening

The Good, the Bad and the Ugly Bugs

By Rick Gush

Whiteflies
© USDA/Scott Bauer

In this article …

Page 1

Page 2

  • Grubs 
  • Grasshoppers, Katydids and Crickets 
  • Lacewings and Preying Mantids
  • Beetles
  • Buying Bugs 
  • The True Bugs: Aphids, Whiteflies, Mealybugs and Scale
  • Moths and Butterflies
  • Spiders  

Bugs can be classified into two general categories: bugs that eat plants and bugs that eat other bugs. While it would seem that having no bugs in a garden is a good thing, this isn’t necessarily so. We need some bugs in the garden to pollinate plants and others to break down plant debris so those resources can work their way back into the soil equation. 

A lack of healthy predators leaves a garden open to the invasion of a pestiferous species. In fact, the best protection against pest outbreaks is having a preestablished resident bug population.

For a gardener, it’s important to know a bit about bugs in order to understand which creepy crawlies are helping your garden and should be encouraged, and which harmful creatures are undesirable and should be discouraged.

Spiders, for example, have an undeserved reputation. These active hunters eliminate many of the harmful insects that appear in gardens, but nevertheless, people usually kill spiders whenever they encounter them. Butterflies, on the other hand, are considered lovely, wonderful creatures, but in actuality, the eggs of butterflies often contain insatiable plant eaters like cabbage loopers and tomato hornworms.  

So, yes: Bugs are both good and bad, but even the bad ones aren’t usually a persistent nuisance or a real danger to the garden. Gardeners can learn how to roll with the punches and surf the ever-changing waves of different bugs that appear in their gardens by understanding when to remain calm and when to take action. A calm and educated gardener is a better surfer.

The Rogue’s Gallery
Strictly speaking, “bugs” are solely members of the insect order Hemiptera. However, in the context of this article, any crawling, flying or wriggling creature will be called a “bug.” 

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Centipedes and Millipedes
These two bugs look similar because both have a lot of legs, but it’s easy to distinguish the round-bodied millipedes from the flat-bodied centipedes.  Millipedes, the round ones, are slow movers and eat mostly decaying plant materials; however, sometimes they munch on young seedlings. Millipedes are such slow crawlers that picking them up and throwing them away from a bed of seedlings is probably the best eradication strategy for gardeners. Millipedes won’t bite, but they might stink a bit; when threatened or handled, they emit a musky smell that can stay on a person’s hands for a few minutes.

Squash Bug
© USDA/Scott Bauer

Integrated Pest Management

Good nutrition not only helps a plant grow bigger fruits, it also helps a plant maintain its own self-defense mechanisms. A well-fed plant repulses bug attacks and heals wounds more quickly.  

  • Integrated Pest Management (IPM), so popular among agribusinesses these days, is all about knowing what bugs are in the field and what real risk they pose. Organic farmers need to apply the same methods and study the bugs in their gardens.  
  • Knowing how to achieve a self-regulating fauna balance is another aspect of IPM; farmers often leave untilled swathes with the intent that these areas will house an active bug population. The key to encouraging a healthy fauna population in a garden is to have a highly heterogeneous plant population that includes large amounts of both wild and cultivated plants.
     
  • Plants in the carrot family all have umbel-shaped flowers that are known for attracting beneficial predators. Carrot family plants are attractive to pollinators as well, so one will get more protection and pollination for their garden plants if there are some umbelliferous plants in the vicinity.  

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Centipedes are flat, fast movers and tireless hunters of plant predators; they don’t receive the admiration or thanks that they deserve. Everybody seems to remember the National Geographic articles about the big, poisonous centipedes in Asia, but they don’t realize that centipedes are unequivocally good for gardens. These crawling hunters feed on all sorts of other bugs in the garden. As long as you keep them out of your house, there shouldn’t be any problems with these creepy-looking creatures.

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Flying Stingers 
Flying insects with stingers are some of our least favorite; we tolerate bees because they pollinate our plants. They can sting if backed into a corner or sat upon, but they do a lot of good in gardens; any farmer is lucky to have these creatures among their crops.  

In addition to the European Honey bee, our gardens can be visited by a variety of other bees. Native bees, both social, like bumblebees, and solitary, like mason bees, are still fairly plentiful in gardens that offer a wide range of flowering plants. The one species that damages plants, the leaf-cutter bee, is not very destructive and not worth the fight.

The stars of the stinging category are the predatory wasps. These hunters prey upon a range of garden pests, usually attacking grubs and larvae. Some of these colorful wasps don’t really even have stingers, like the Trichogramma wasps that assault moth eggs and caterpillars; Ichneumon wasps that prey on flies and beetles; and Aphidius wasps that prey on aphids. All of these wasps are so valuable that they’re among the most frequently sold beneficial insects. Although there are a growing number of physical retail locations where beneficial insects are sold, the Internet is the most easily accessible for the majority of people (see “Buying Bugs” on page 72 for some online resources). 

Hover flies, which aren’t actually related to bees or wasps, look like a bee, and are identifiable by their repeated bobbing and hovering. These are valuable bugs to have in the garden because the adults are active pollinators and the larvae seek out aphids.

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Worms: Green, Brown and Invisible
In worm talk, green means bad. All of the green worms that crawl on plants are bad news. Cabbage worms, inchworms and the huge tomato hornworms are well-known worm pests. These annelids are impressive eaters; whole plants can be stripped in just a few days. Twelve of these hungry beasts, or their more colorful caterpillar cousins, can wipe out a whole row of cabbage or tomatoes. Attentive gardeners know when worms appear in their garden and often treat them using beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus thuringensis (Bt), readily available at nurseries. 

Earthworms are always good, but the most numerous worms in the soil are the tiny, barely visible nematodes. Nematodes come in two forms: The more numerous type are predatory on animals, while the other species attack plants by burrowing into roots. While a gardener doesn’t see nematodes, one can practically sense their presence in soil that is rich with good texture. It’s a good idea to keep soil nematode populations healthy and happy, as they themselves provide the best protection against pestiferous nematode outbreaks. You can do this by reducing your use of pesticides and keeping the organic faction high.

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Categories
Recipes

Seasoned Oven Fries

Seasoned Oven FriesAll metaphor aside, root vegetables sustain human life in an elemental way. Potatoes typify what makes root vegetables such treasures: hardiness in soil of various temperatures, high nutritional value, long shelf life in cool storage. Root crops feed our bodies with healthy carbohydrates, vitamin C, iron and phytonutrients packed with antioxidants. In times of bad weather and scarce food, root vegetables can save lives. Treasures, indeed!

Ingredients

  • 1 to 1 1⁄2 lbs. turnips or baking potatoes
  • 1⁄3 cup grated Parmesan cheese
  • 2 T. of your favorite blended seasoning, such as Cajun seasoning, garlic and pepper blend, grill seasoning, or dry rub
  • 3 T. olive oil

Preparation
Preheat oven to 450 degrees F. Peel turnips or potatoes and cut into 1⁄2-inch slices. Cut each slice into sticks about 1⁄2-inch wide. In a gallon-sized, sealable plastic bag, combine Parmesan cheese and seasoning. Shake until well-combined. Add turnips or potatoes, seal bag and shake to coat.
Spread the olive oil over a large baking sheet. Place vegetable sticks on baking sheet in a single layer. Bake 15 to 20 minutes, turning twice with a spatula or until vegetables are tender and golden. This dish burns easily, so watch it closely. Serve immediately. Makes 4 to 5 servings.

More Root Vegetable Recipes

Categories
Recipes

Tomato Sauce

Tomatoes should be red, firm and damage-free, taken from live, undamaged stalks, and cleaned well.


Click here for a tip on choosing and growing tomatoes>>


You will need a heavy, 8-quart pot, food mill, large bowl, plastic containers for freezing the sauce, and labels for contents and date.

Ingredients

  • 30 pounds of tomatoes (which will yield about 6 quarts of sauce)
  • 3 to 4 cloves of garlic
  • 1 tsp. salt
  • 1/2 tsp. peppercorns
  • fresh herbs as available to taste (parsley, thyme, oregano)

Preparation
Wash tomatoes well and cut out the remnants of the stem. Quarter tomatoes and place in a heavy 8-quart pot. Sprinkle with salt; add peppercorns and herbs. Note: With tomato sauce, creativity rules. Add whatever herbs and spices you like, in whatever portions suit your fancy. I like the flavor of parsley, so I tend to add more of that to my sauce. Oregano has a powerful flavor, so I only add a small amount of it unless I’m going for a real Italian-style sauce.

Add water until bottom of pot is covered by 1/4-inch. Cover and bring to a boil. Reduce heat to medium-low and simmer about one hour, stirring occasionally, until tomatoes are soft. Remove from heat.

Place food mill over large bowl. Working in batches, scoop tomato mixture into food mill and process. Discard skins and herbs retained by the mill screen.

Fill plastic containers to within one inch of the top and cover. Let containers sit until sauce cools to room temperature, then freeze. Sauce will be watery, but remember, this is just a base sauce. To use it in recipes such as spaghetti sauce, cook down to desired thickness.

Tomatoes
Tomato SauceTomatoes seem to present the biggest challenge. A dozen tomato plants seemed innocent enough in the spring, but by September they are turning out fruit faster than you can pick it.

My primary solution is tomato sauce, as it is so versatile, so forgiving and is the springboard for so many recipes. Tomato varieties such as Beefmaster or any of the plum tomatoes will yield a thicker sauce than other types.

But at the end of growing season, my main objective is to make sauce, no matter what kind of tomatoes I’m left with.

My weapons of choice are a food mill, a large sauce pot, plastic containers and my freezer.

A food mill, which separates the pulp from the skin and seeds during processing, allows you the option of cooking fruits and vegetables with the skin on, if appropriate, to add more flavor to the finished product. This works well with tomatoes and with fruits such as apples.
~ Lynda King

Categories
News

Turkey Count Now Annual

Survey to count turkeys changes schedule

Here’s more … for lovers of turkey and other poultry:

If you’ve got turkeys, the survey schedule for counting those grand and tasty poultry is changing starting in February 2009.

The “Turkeys Raised report” will now be issued annually in September by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), according to the NASS. The report was previously published biannually in January and August.

Additionally, the “Turkeys Raised Survey” will be conducted in February instead of December.

The results of this survey will also be available in the “Poultry – Production and Value report” to be released May 29, 2009.

Wondering Why the USDA Counts Turkeys
According to NASS:

  • The “Turkeys Raised survey” measures the number of turkeys raised in total and by state for the current year and provides the number intended to be raised in the upcoming year.
  • Additionally, the data can help producers assess industry trends and outlook for business planning and marketing decisions.
  • Processors and retailers use the data to project supplies.
  • Economists and other analysts use the data to monitor the health of the industry and evaluate the contribution to the general farm economy.

Which States are Most Affected?
NASS will contact all known turkey farmers and contractors in the 28 states that lead in turkey production:

The following states are in the program:

ArkansasCaliforniaColorado
Illinois IndianaIowa
KansasMarylandMassachusetts
MichiganMinnesotaMissouri
NebraskaNew JerseyNew York
North CarolinaNorth DakotaOhio
OklahomaPennsylvaniaSouth Carolina
South DakotaTexas & UtahVermont
VirginiaWest VirginiaWisconsin

What All Does the Survey Ask?
Data are collected on

  • The number of poults placed,
  • Death loss, and
  • The resulting number raised.

Producers are also asked to declare their production intentions for the upcoming year.

Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Agricultural Statistics Service

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Categories
Recipes

Spinach Velvet Soup

Spinach Velvet SoupHobby farmers have an edge when it comes to eating for cardiac health: Low-cholesterol, nutrient-dense food is as close as our gardens and orchards, nurtured by local weather and local soil.Because this soup has no dairy products, it freezes and reheats well.

Ingredients

  • 1 1⁄2 T. olive or canola oil
  • 1 cup yellow onion, diced
  • 3 large or 4 medium cloves garlic, slivered
  • 2 large russet potatoes (about 11⁄2 pounds), peeled and finely diced
  • 2 bay leaves
  • 2 large sprigs fresh thyme
  • 1⁄2 tsp. dried tarragon
  • 1⁄4 tsp. powdered marjoram
  • 1⁄4 tsp. nutmeg
  • dash cayenne
  • 1 tsp. salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste
  • 4 cups fat-free, reduced-sodium chicken or vegetable broth
  • 2 lbs. fresh spinach, washed and stems removed (optional), or 2, 10-oz packages frozen spinach, thawed
  • sliced almonds for garnish

Preparation
In a heavy-bottomed Dutch oven, heat oil over high heat.
Add onion, garlic, potatoes and all seasonings.
Reduce heat to medium and sauté for five minutes, stirring frequently.
Add broth and approximately two-thirds of the fresh or thawed spinach (set aside the remaining spinach).
Bring to a boil, reduce heat and simmer, covered, for 10 minutes.
Let cool 30 minutes. Remove bay leaves.
Working in batches (or using a stick blender), puree the soup mixture with portions of the reserved fresh or thawed spinach (this will help give the soup a fresh green color).
You can reheat the soup and serve at this point, or refrigerate it and serve later.
Garnish each bowl of soup with a few sliced almonds.
Makes approximately 6 servings.